![]() ![]() Missions to the Moon have been conducted by the following nations and organisations (in chronological order): the Soviet Union, the United States, Japan, the European Space Agency, China, India, Luxembourg, Israel, Italy, South Korea, and the United Arab Emirates. Three rover missions were launched, of which two were successful, and eleven sample return flights were attempted with three successes. While the United States focused on the crewed Apollo program, the Soviet Union conducted uncrewed missions that deployed rovers and returned samples to the Earth. All nine crewed missions returned safely to the Earth. Apollo 13 was intended to land however, it was restricted to a flyby due to a malfunction aboard the spacecraft. Six missions landed humans on the Moon, beginning with Apollo 11 in July 1969, during which Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon. ![]() Apollo 8 was the first crewed mission to enter orbit in December 1968, and it was followed by Apollo 10 in May 1969. In 1966, Luna 9 became the first spacecraft to achieve a controlled soft landing, while Luna 10 became the first mission to enter orbit.īetween 19, crewed missions to the Moon were conducted by the United States as part of the Apollo program. Of the Moon landings, Luna 2 of the Soviet Union was the first spacecraft to reach its surface successfully, intentionally impacting the Moon on 13 September 1959. For a list of each individual lunar probe, see List of lunar probes.Ī replica of Luna 9, the first spacecraft to land on the Moon The first image taken of the far side of the Moon, returned by Luna 3Īs part of human exploration of the Moon, numerous space missions have been undertaken to study Earth's natural satellite. This article is about missions to the Moon. ![]()
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